Maojian District



Maojian District is a county-level district under the jurisdiction of Shiyan City, Hubei Province, located in the middle of Shiyan. The district is adjacent to Shiyan Economic Development Zone and Liuliping Township of Danjiangkou City in the east. In the west, its boundary is roughly along the northeast-southwest line of Sifang Mountain in the central area of Shiyian - Bijia Mountain - Niutou Mountain, and is connected with Zhangwan District. It extends to Dachuan Township and is adjacent to Fangxian County in the north. As for the north, Maojian District stretches to Wuyan Street and is neighbor to Hanjiang Road in Zhangwan District.
  
Maojian District has become Shiyan’s political, economic, trade, culture, sports and education center and the country’s largest auto parts processing and sales base. It is China’s largest auto axle production base and one of Dongfeng’s important auto parts procurement bases. The district is also an important commodity distribution center in the conjunction of Hubei, Henan, Shaanxi provinces and Chongqing City.
  
Maojian District has jurisdiction over three sub-district offices, Wuyan, Eryan and Wudang; three townships, Dachuan, Maota and Yuanyang, and one provincial-level economic development zone, namely Shiyan Dongcheng Economic Development Zone (in 2003, it works together in administrative affairs with Yuanyang Township). In the district, there is also one national nature reserve, namely Saiwudang Scenic Spot. Maojian District covers an area of 540 square kilometers and has a permanent population of 39,449 people. It has 26 community committees, 37 villagers’ committees and 172 villagers’ groups.
  

Location
  
Maojian District is located in the eastern part of Shiyan City, Hubei Province, in the northwest foot of Wudang Mountain. It is on the eastern stretching of Qinling Mountains and Daba Mountains, and is between 32°20' - 32°40' north latitude and 110°10' - 110°30' east longitude. It borders Danjiangkou City in the east, Zhangwan District in the west, Fangxian County in the south and Yunxian County in the north. It is 31 kilometers long from east to west and 30 kilometers wide from north to south. The district covers a total area of 540 square kilometers.
  
Landform
  
The topography and geomorphology of Maojian District are decided by the structure and lithology. Coupled with the long-term movement of the crust and fold denudation, low hills and mountains were formed. Due to the upward movement of the Earth’s crust and the development of folds and faults, the complex landform features of hills and valleys with great difference in the height of hypsography and dense river network were formed. The whole terrain is roughly high in the south and low in the north, with flat valleys in the middle. Its main characteristics are great difference in the height of hypsography, steep slope and deep cutting. The highest altitude within the territory is 1,723 meters (Putuo Peak in Saiwudang Scenic Area), the lowest altitude is 187 meters. The relative height difference is 1,543 meters, and the average cutting depth is 324.7 meters. The average surface slope of the whole area is 25.8 degrees.
  
Climate
  
The climate of Maojian District is north subtropical monsoon climate, with four distinct seasons, long winter and short summer. It warms up rapidly in spring, has continuous cloudy days and rain in autumn, and less rain and snow in the warm winter. Its landscape is complicated with obvious vertical climate. The number of average annual sunshine hours is 1925.8, and the sunshine rate is 26.2%, 32.3%, 22% and 19.5% in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. The average annual temperature is 15.30 degrees Celsius. The hottest month falls in July with an average temperature of 27 degrees Celsius, and the coldest month in January with an average temperature of 2.6 degrees Celsius. The average annual temperature is 24.5 degrees Celsius, and the average frost-free period is 246 days. The average annual precipitation is 884.9 mm, and 80% precipitation assurance rate is 610-710mm. In terms of seasonal precipitation distribution, summer accounts for 40% at most and winter accounts for about 5% at least. The precipitation in spring and autumn are close to each other, and the precipitation’s vertical variation is rather obvious. Every 100 meters of elevation increases the annual precipitation by about 35mm. The number of precipitation days is the largest in Saiwudang region, with an annual average of 128.8 days.